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Shut-off and control valve in pipeline fittings

Purpose and Application of Shut-off and Control Valves

A shut-off and control valve is an important component of pipeline fittings designed to manage the flow of liquids and gases. Its primary function is to regulate and block the flow of the working medium, which helps maintain the necessary pressure and volume levels in systems of various purposes. Shut-off valves are typically used in conjunction with other fitting elements to ensure reliable and efficient operation of pipelines.

In pipeline fittings, shut-off and control valves are widely used due to their versatility and reliability. They are employed across various industries, including oil and gas, chemical, energy, and water supply. The application of such valves allows to:

Control and regulate the flow of the working medium;
Ensure safe operation of pipelines;
Reduce the risk of accidents and leaks.

Additionally, shut-off and control valves can be equipped with automatic control systems, making them even more convenient and effective to use.

Thus, shut-off and control valves play a key role in ensuring the reliable and safe operation of pipeline systems. Their application not only allows for controlling the flow of the working medium but also significantly enhances the overall efficiency and safety of pipeline fittings.

Shut-off and control valve in pipeline fittings

Classification of Shut-off and Regulating Valves

Shut-off and regulating valves are key components in water supply, heating, and technological pipeline systems. Their main task is to control the flow of the working medium (water, gas, or steam) by changing the cross-sectional area or completely shutting off the flow. The classification of shut-off and regulating valves is conducted based on their design, functional purpose, control method, and other parameters.

By Purpose:

Shut-off Valves: Used for completely blocking the flow of the working medium. The main requirement is high tightness in the closed position;
Regulating Valves: Used to change flow parameters (pressure, flow rate, temperature). They possess high precision in regulation;
Combined (Shut-off-Regulating) Valves: Combine the functions of shut-off and regulating devices, allowing for reduced equipment in the pipeline.

By Principle of Operation:

Seat Valves: The flow is blocked by a plunger (spindle) that moves perpendicular to the seat. They ensure good sealing and are suitable for operation at high pressures;
Diaphragm Valves: The working medium is separated from the control mechanism by a flexible diaphragm. They are used for aggressive or contaminated media;
Ball Valves: The shut-off element is made in the form of a sphere with an opening. They provide quick and reliable closure, but are less precise in regulation;
Rotary Disc (Gate) Valves: The flow is blocked by rotating a disc. Their advantages include compactness and low hydraulic resistance;
Needle Valves: Used for precise regulation of small flows. They have a narrow passage channel and a high level of precision.

By Control Method:

Manual Valves: Controlled by the operator using a handle or wheel. Used in systems where adjustment is rarely needed;
Electric Actuated Valves: Equipped with an electric motor that provides automatic control. Used in automation systems;
Pneumatic Valves: Controlled by compressed air. They are characterized by high response speed;
Hydraulic Valves: Driven by liquid pressure. Used in complex hydraulic systems;
Solenoid Valves: Controlled by an electromagnetic coil. Ideal for fast-acting systems.

By Body and Seal Material:

Metal Valves: Made from cast iron, steel, stainless steel, or bronze. Suitable for high pressures and temperatures;
Polymeric Valves: Used in systems with aggressive media. Made from PVC, polypropylene, or fluoroplastics;
Composite Material Valves: Used in conditions where corrosion resistance is important while maintaining strength.

By Connection Type with the Pipe:

Flanged Valves: Installed using flanged connections. Advantageous for high reliability and ease of installation;
Threaded Valves: Designed for small-diameter pipelines. Used in household systems and small industrial settings;
Welded Valves: A reliable connection method used for high pressures and temperatures;
Union Valves: Quick-release connection, convenient for installation and dismantling in confined spaces.

By Operating Parameters:

Low-Pressure (up to 1.6 MPa): Used in household systems and water supply systems;
Medium Pressure (1.6–4.0 MPa): Used in industrial systems;
High Pressure (above 4.0 MPa): Used in technological pipelines under extreme operating conditions.

By Temperature Range:

Low-Temperature Valves: For systems with operating temperatures below 0 °C;
Standard Valves: Used at temperatures ranging from 0 to 150 °C;
High-Temperature Valves: For operation at temperatures above 150 °C, such as in steam pipelines.

The correct choice of shut-off and regulating valve depends on operating conditions, characteristics of the working medium, and system requirements. Considering the variety of designs, materials, and control methods, designers and engineers can select the optimal solution for specific tasks, ensuring the reliability, efficiency, and durability of the pipeline system.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Shut-off and Control Valves

Shut-off and control valves are widely used in various industries, such as oil and gas, chemical, and energy. Let’s consider the main advantages and disadvantages of using shut-off and control valves.

Advantages

One of the main advantages of shut-off and control valves is their high accuracy and reliability. These devices provide precise flow control, allowing optimal operating conditions for systems. Shut-off and control valves can effectively prevent leaks and ensure the safety of pipeline operations.

Another important advantage is their durability and resistance to aggressive environments. Shut-off and control valves are made from high-quality materials, enabling them to withstand high pressures and temperatures. This makes them an ideal choice for use in challenging conditions.

Disadvantages

Despite all the advantages, shut-off and control valves also have their drawbacks. The main disadvantage is their high cost. Due to the use of expensive materials and complex manufacturing technologies, these valves can be significantly more expensive compared to other types of pipeline fittings.

Another disadvantage is the need for regular maintenance. To ensure reliable operation and prolong the lifespan of the valves, periodic inspection and replacement of worn parts are required. This can incur additional costs and time.

If you need shut-off and control valves, contact “LET” company. We offer a wide range of high-quality fittings that ensure reliable flow control of liquids and gases. Our team of specialists is ready to help you choose the optimal solution for your project, guaranteeing safety and efficiency in operation.

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